中文摘要：

摘要：基于在松嫩平原黑土区获取的玉米穗质量构成要素（穗粒质量、穗轴质量、穗粒数、穗行数、行粒数、穗长、穗粗），利用传统统计学、多重分形和联合多重分形方法分析了玉米穗质量构成要素的空间变异性。结果表明，玉米穗粒质量、穗轴质量、穗粒数、穗行数、行粒数、穗长、穗粗的空间变异强度依次减弱，且穗粒质量和穗轴质量的变异程度为中等变异，穗粒数、穗行数、行粒数、穗长、穗粗的变异程度为弱变异；玉米穗轴质量和穗粒质量的多重分形特征最明显，行粒数、穗粗和穗长的多重分形特征最不明显，穗行数和穗粒数多重分形特征的明显程度介于上述两者之间；穗行数的空间变异性主要是由高值信息造成，而行粒数、穗轴质量、穗粒质量、穗粒数、穗粗、穗长的空间变异性主要由低值信息引起；单一尺度和多尺度上，穗粗、穗轴质量、穗长、穗粒数、行粒数、穗行数对穗粒质量空间变异性的影响程度排序有所差异，穗粒质量与穗长、穗粗、穗粒数、穗行数、穗轴质量、行粒数在多尺度上的相关程度明显大于在单一尺度上的相关程度。

英文摘要：

Crop information is a comprehensive index and has spatial and temporal variability due to influence of terrain and soil properties and so on. Based on components of corn ear weight （grain weight per ear, axis weight per ear, grain number per ear, row number per ear, grain number per row, ear length and ear diameter） obtained in black soil region of Songnen Plain, the spatial variability of components of corn ear weight was studied with traditional statistics, multifractal and joint multifractal methods. The results showed that spatial variability intensities of grain weight per ear, axis weight per ear, grain number per ear, row number per ear, grain number per row, ear length and ear diameter decreased successively, the ones of grain weight per ear and axis weight per ear were medium, and the ones of grain number per ear, row number per ear, grain number per row, ear length and ear diameter were weak;multifractal characteristics of axis weight per ear and grain weight per ear were the most obvious, the ones of grain number per row, ear diameter and ear length were not obvious, and the ones of row number per ear and grain number per ear were between the above two;spatial variability of row number per ear was caused by its high values, and the local informations that brought about spatial variabilities of grain number per row, axis weight per ear, grain weight per ear, grain number per ear, ear diameter and ear length were their low values;at the single scale and multi-scale, sortings of effect degrees of ear diameter, axis weight per ear, ear length, grain number per ear, grain number per row and row number per ear on spatial variability of grain weight per ear were different, and correlation degrees between grain weight per ear and other components of corn ear weight at multi-scale were bigger than the ones at the single scale. Research results could provide foundational information, scientific basis and guidance for precision management of farmland, increase corn yield in black soil region, and also offer a