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高拱坝安全度计算方法对比分析

ISSN号：0559-9342
期刊名称：水力发电
时间：2012.10.1
页码：36-39
分类：TV314[水利工程—水工结构工程]
作者机构：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098, [2]河海大学水资源高效利用与工程安全国家工程研究中心,江苏南京210098, [3]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098
相关基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51139001,51179066,51079046,50909041）;华电集团科技项目（KJl0-02-22）
相关项目：病险坝除险加固效应多源多尺度跟踪监控与评析

关键词：拱坝, 计算方法, 安全度, 失稳判据, arch dam, calculation method, safety degree, instability criterion

中文摘要：

超载法、强度储备法和综合法是目前用有限元法分析拱坝整体安全度时采用的主要方法，失稳判据主要有塑性区贯通判据、位移突变判据和屈服体积比突变判据等，分析计算时选择哪种破坏模拟方式和失稳判据目前没有统一的认识。结合工程实例，分析比较了3种计算方法及3种失稳判据的特点。分析结果表明，超载法和强度储备法计算得到的拱坝破坏模式不同：综合法的计算结果与选择的超载、降强的组合形式有关；塑性区贯通判据尚无一个客观指标，受人为因素影响较大；位移突变判据与失稳控制点的选择关系密切；屈服体积比突变判据以坝体及坝基系统的屈服体积为考察对象．受局部材料的强度和结构影响较小。

英文摘要：

The overload method, strength reserve method and synthetical tools are main tools for evaluating the overall safety degree of arch dam by FEM, and corresponding instability criterions mainly include plastic zone transfixion criterion, displacement catastrophe criterion and yield volume ratio catastrophe criterion. The understandings in choosing damage simulation method and instability criterion are no uniform at present. Combining with actual engineering eases, the characteristics of above three calculation methods and three instability criterions are compared. The results show that, （a） the overload method and strength reserve method can conclude different failure mode of aeh dam, （b） the calculate result of synthetical method is effeeted by the combination form of overload and strength decline, （c） the plastic zone transfixion criterion has no objective index yet, which is largely influenced by human factors, （d） the displacement catastrophe criterion is closely related to the choose of instability control point, and （e） the yield volume ratio catastrophe criterion is slightly effeeted by the strength and structure of local materials as it takes the yield volume of dam body and its foundation system as a study object.