中文摘要：

针对传统轨道检测系统效率低、成本高的不足,应用GPS全球定位技术、GPRS无线通信技术和CAN总线技术,提出一种新型轨道检测方案,并对GPS数据采集系统的关键模块进行了设计。GPS数据采集系统由4个基站GPS模块和1个流动站GPS节点组成,实现了相对测量与绝对测量的统一,提高了检测精度;基于GPS的数据采集实时准确,更新率高达50 Hz;利用GPRS进行无线数据传输,方便快捷,实时高效;利用CAN提高了通信速率（高达l Mbps）,且可靠性高、性能稳定;通过Flash存储器进行数据缓存,再传至上位机进行存储与处理,系统容量高达500 G,数据处理简单高效。

英文摘要：

Owing to the low efficiency and the high cost of the traditional track inspection system, a new track inspection system is designed on the basis of the GPS global positioning technology and the GPRS wireless communication technology. Four primary modules of the hardware of the GPS data acquisition system are designed and explained in detail, including the GPS data acquisition module, the GPRS communication module, the single-chip microcomputer minimum system and the power transition module. The GPS data acquisition module consists of four GPS modules in the base station and a GPS node in the moving station that realizes the unity of the relative and absolute measurements and improves the positioning accuracy. It is shown that the GPS data acquisition operates in real-time and is accurate, and the data update rate is as high as 50 Hz; The application of the GPRS communication module makes the data transmission convenient and quick; The data are firstly cached in the flash storage, are uploaded to the upper computer for storage and processing afterwards, the system capacity is up to 500 G, the data processing is simple and efficient.