中文摘要：

以氯化锌作为溶剂和催化剂,利用微波辅助氯化锌降解纤维素,致使纤维素直接转化为5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）和1-（2-呋喃基）-2-羟基-乙酮两种呋喃类物质。通过考察反应温度、反应时间、氯化锌用量、纤维素加入量、微波功率和加热方式等因素对其摩尔产率影响可知,在140 mL质量分数为69%的ZnCl2溶液中,纤维素用量为1 g,反应温度为135℃,反应时间为5 min,微波功率为500 W时,5-羟甲基糠醛的摩尔产率达到19.4%,微波功率为600 W时,1-（2-呋喃基）-2-羟基-乙酮的摩尔产率达到12.0%。

英文摘要：

Cellulose was degraded in concentrated ZnCl2 solution which acted as a solvent and catalyst under microwave irradiation.Cellulose was directly converted into two main furans,5-hydroxymethyl furfural（5-HMF） and 1-（furan-2-yl）-2-hydroxyethanone.Factors affecting the mol yields of these two compounds were investigated at different temperatures,reaction times,concentrations of ZnCl2,cellulose contents,and microwave powers.For 1 g cellulose reacted with 140 mL 69% ZnCl2 solution,the mol yields of 5-HMF reached to 19.4% under the microwave power of 500 W and 1-（furan-2-yl）-2-hydroxyethanone reached to 12.0% under the microwave power of 600 W at 135 ℃ within 5 min.