中文摘要：

长江流域占全国面积的15．5％，它所拥有的水、土、生物、矿产等整体资源优势和雄厚的社会、经济基础，成为我国经济的驱动轴。然而，随着人口的不断增加和经济的高速增长，流域人地关系日趋紧张，影响着长江流域资源和环境优势的发挥。文章分析了长江流域发展形势及其在全国的地位，指出：人口压力增大、资源安全不容忽视、生态环境恶化、经济效益下降以及整体性差等成为长江流域可持续发展面临的主要问题；控制人口增长、保持适速经济增长、建立资源节约型和“绿色化”的国民经济体系、建立流域生态补偿机制和管理模式以及对长远性问题坚持科学研究是实现长江流域可持续发展的关键所在。

英文摘要：

The Yangtze Basin accounts for 15.5 % of the national area, whole resource advantages, such as its water, soil, living beings, mineral products had,etc, and rich society, economic base, become the drive shaft of economy of our country. But with constant increase and economic high growth of population, basin native has tense relation day by day, influencing the full play of the resource and environmental advantage in the Yangtze Basin. This text has analysed the development situation in the Yangtze Basin and position in the whole country, point out： the population pressure increases, it can＇t be ignored that resources are safe, ecological deterioration of the environment, economic benefits drop and globality bad one become the Yangtze Basin subject matter that sustainable development face; control population growth, keep the right speed economic growth, set up resource economizing type and ＂green＂ national economic system, set up the ecological compensation mechanism in the basin and management mode and insist to the long - term question that scientific research is the key point of realizing sustainable development of the Yangtze Basin.