中文摘要：

根据长江荆州段水质污染特性,运用季节性Kendall检验法,分析了2010-2014年长江荆州段的城南、柳林洲、虾子沟、北门口、三矶头、长江新堤共计6个监测站点的氨氮（NH＋4-N）和总磷（TP）水质参数变化趋势,探究其空间变化规律。结果表明,长江荆州段近5年的NH＋4-N和TP在城南呈高度显著下降趋势,在长江新堤呈显著上升趋势,柳林洲的NH4^＋-N也呈显著上升趋势,其他监测站点的NH4^＋-和TP无明显升降趋势;呈下降、上升和无明显升降趋势的河长分别占总评价河长的2.8%、38.2%和59.0%,整体评价长江荆州段近5年水质无明显升降趋势;NH4^＋-N和TP的空间变化规律表现为城南至柳林洲呈下降趋势,柳林洲至虾子沟呈上升趋势,虾子沟至北门口呈下降趋势,从北门口向下至三矶头和长江新堤则又呈上升趋势,高值区出现在长江荆州段虾子沟水域;上游来水水质及本地工业废水、生活污水及农业非点源是造成长江荆州段水质受到污染的主要原因。

英文摘要：

The Jingzhou section of the Yangtze River flows 483 km through 8 counties and cities,from Songzi City to Honghu City. It is an important domestic water source for urban and rural residents and for industrial and agricultural production,but it also receives industrial and domestic wastewater. In this study,water quality trends were analyzed in the Jingzhou section from 2010 to 2014 using the seasonal Kendall Test. Based on pollutant discharges to the Jingzhou section,two water quality parameters,ammonia nitrogen（ NH4^＋-N） and total phosphorus（ TP）were measured at 6 monitoring stations： Chengnan,Liulinzhou,Xiazigou,Beimenkou,Sanjitou and Changjiangxindi. Spatial variation in water quality was also analyzed. Both NH＋4-N and TP concentrations at Chengnan decreased significantly over the 5 years and increased significantly at Changjiangxindi. Concentration of NH4^＋-N also increased significantly at Liulinzhou but changes in NH4^＋-N and TP concentrations at the other sites were not significant. Sites with significant concentration decreases,significant concentration increases and no significant change accounted for,respectively,2. 8%,38. 2% and 59. 0% of the total river length. Overall,water quality of the Jingzhou section of the Yangtze River has not changed markedly over the past 5 years. Spatially,NH＋4-N and TP concentrations decreased from Chengnan to Liulinzhou,increased from Liulinzhou to Xiazigou,decreased again from Xiazigou to Beimenkou and then increased from Beimenkou to Sanjitou and Xindi. High concentrations were measured at the Xiazigou sampling station near Jingzhou,due primarily to low flow from upstream,discharges of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution. Suggestions for improving water quality in the Jingzhou section include： strictly control point source discharges of industrial and domestic wastewater; actively promote soil and water conservation along the Yangtze river and its tributaries; reduce nonpoint source pollution and mon