中文摘要：

microRNA（miRNA）是一类具有20～24nt核苷酸长度的非蛋白质编码的内源小分子RNA,它在植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应等过程中发挥着重要作用。文章利用基于Illumina/Solexa原理的小分子RNA深度测序技术,结合生物信息学的方法对玉米根系和叶片中已知miRNA的类型、丰度及靶基因进行了分析。研究发现,在根系中共检测到92个已知的miRNA,分别属于18个miRNA家族,其表达丰度在1～105943之间;在叶片中,共发现86个已知的miRNA,分别属于17个miRNA家族,其表达丰度在1～85973之间。靶基因预测结果表明,根系中的18个miRNA家族共靶向54个蛋白,进一步的功能预测发现,这些基因涉及了转录调控、物质能量代谢、电子传递、胁迫响应和信号转导等过程。以上研究结果表明,就已知的miRNA而言,无论是miRNA的类型还是表达丰度,在玉米根系和叶片中都存在较大差异。

英文摘要：

microRNA（miRNAs） is a newly identified class of 20～24 nt non-protein-coding and endogenous small RNA,which plays an important role in plant growth,development and response to environmental stresses.Combined with bioinformatic method,the types,abundance,and targets of known miRNAs in root and leaf of maize（Zea mays L.） were analyzed by small RNA deep sequencing technology,which was based on Illumina/Solexa principium.The results indicated that 92 known miRNAs were detected in maize root,which were attributed to 18 miRNA families and their abundance ranged from 1 to 105 943 reads.Synchronously,86 known miRNAs were detected in maize leaf,which were attributed to 17 miRNA families and their abundance ranged from 1 to 85 973 reads.The target gene prediction showed that 54 putative target genes as these known miRNAs were predicted.Some of them were involved in the following processes,such as transcription regulation,substance and energy metabolism,electron transport,stress response,and signal transduction through further function prediction.In conclusion,there were obvious differences in both types and abundance of known miRNAs between root and leaf in maize.