中文摘要：

在Zr-4合金中添加Cu和Mn,用非自耗真空电弧炉熔炼了成分不同的7种锆合金,用高压釜在360℃/18.6MPa/0.01 mol/L Li OH水溶液中和400℃/10.3 MPa过热蒸汽中进行长期腐蚀试验,与出厂退火态Zr-4样品和经过重熔加工的Zr-4样品的耐腐蚀性能进行了比较。结果表明：添加0.05%～0.18%的Cu或0.07%～0.35%的Mn,或同时添加0.08%Cu和0.09%Mn都可以明显改善合金在Li OH水溶液中的耐腐蚀性能,在腐蚀增重曲线上没有出现明显的转折,耐腐蚀性能明显优于Zr-4合金;但是添加Cu或Mn后却使合金在400℃过热蒸汽中的耐腐蚀性能变坏,影响的程度随着Cu或Mn含量的增加而增加,并且Mn的有害作用比Cu更明显。讨论了氧化膜生长各向异性特征与添加合金元素之间的关系,解释了添加Cu和Mn合金元素后对Zr-4合金耐腐蚀性能在不同腐蚀条件下产生不同影响的原因。

英文摘要：

Seven zirconium alloys with copper and/or manganese additions in Zircaloy-4 were prepared by a vacuum non-consumable arc melting method. The specimens were corroded by autoclave tests in lithiated water with 0.01 mol/L Li OH at 360 ° C/18.6 MPa or in super-heated steam at 400 ° C/10.3 MPa. In comparison to the corrosion behavior of Zircaloy-4, the annealed Zircaloy-4 specimens obtained from commercial products and the remelted Zircaloy-4 specimens were also corroded together with the seven zirconium alloy specimens. The results show that the corrosion resistance is improved obviously by the addition of 0.05%~0.18% Cu or 0.07%~0.35% Mn, or 0.08% Cu and 0.09%Mn during the corroding of specimens in lithiated water at 360 °C. No transitions occur on the curves of the mass gain.Therefore the corrosion resistance of the seven alloy specimens is superior to that of Zircaloy-4. But the corrosion resistance of the specimens with the addition of Cu or Mn is worse than that of Zircaloy-4 when the specimens are corroded in super-heated steam at 400°C. The tendency of corrosion resistance towards the degradation by the addition of Cu and Mn increases with the increase of the contents of Cu and Mn. The detrimental effect on the corrosion resistance by the addition of Mn is more obvious than that by the addition of Cu. The reason for the different effects of the Cu and Mn addition on the corrosion resistance during the corroding of specimens in different conditions was explained based on the relations between the anisotropic growth of oxide film and the addition of alloying elements.