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以家庭为中心的护理方案对早产儿家长照顾能力的影响

ISSN号：1001-4152
期刊名称：《护理学杂志》
时间：0
分类：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学;医药卫生—临床医学]
作者机构：[1]北京大学第一医院儿科,北京100034, [2]北京大学护理学院
相关基金：北京大学第一医院科研基金资助课题（2015HL028）;2013年CMB护理青年教师科研基金资助项目（10-020-201305）

作者：蒙景雯[1], 陈华[2], 李变[1], 钱晶京[1], 张欣[1], 宋秀婷[1], 茹喜芳[1], 王颖[1], 冯琪[1]

关键词：早产儿, 以家庭为中心的护理, 健康教育, 照顾胜任力, premature infants, family-centered care, health education, caring ability

中文摘要：

目的探讨以家庭为中心的护理方案对早产儿家长照顾能力的影响。方法将2015年1～12月入住新生儿重症监护室（NICU）的早产儿66例按入院时间分为对照组和观察组各33例。对照组按常规进行入院宣教、住院护理和出院指导；观察组在对照组基础上实施以家庭为中心的护理方案，即利用住院期间早产儿家长每周探视时间责任护士对早产儿家长进行早产儿相关护理知识及技能指导，并在出院前安排早产儿家长入住家庭陪护病房，在责任护士指导和示范下，学习并承担早产儿主要的日常护理。结果出院时观察组早产几家长照护技术得分显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。出院后1个月内早产儿尿布疹发生率显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论住院期间让家长参与到早产儿护理工作中，能使家长掌握更多的护理知识和技能，提高早产儿家长的照护技术，确保父母有能力成为早产儿的主要照顾者。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the effect of family-centered care on parents＇ ability caring for premature infants. Methods Totally 66 premature infants admitted from January to December 2015 were divided into a control group and an observation group chronologically, with 33 in each group. The control group received routine admission health education, hospitalization nursing and diacharge guidance, while the observation group additionally received family-centered care, which included the primary nurses guided infants＇ parents relevant nursing knowlege and skills when visiting their baby each week during hospitalization, and arranged parents to live in the family ward before discharge, then the parents learned and undertook the main daily nursing after the guidance and demostration of the primary nurses. Results The caring skill score of the parents in the observation group at discharge was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the incidence of diaper rash was significantly lower than that of the control group within the first month after discharge （P〈0.05 for both）. Conclusion Parents＇ participation in the care of the premature infants during hospitalization, can help the parents achieve more caring knowledge and skills, improve their caring skills, and make sure they would be the primary caregivers of the premature infants.