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中文摘要：
没有外加质子酸的条件下，以氯化铁为氧化剂和掺杂剂，在界面体系中由苯胺（An）采用“无模板”的方法成功地制备了电导率为10^-2～10^-1 S／cm的聚苯胺纳米纤维（d=20-30nm）．实验证明FeCl3同时起到氧化剂和掺杂剂的双重作用，从而进一步简化了导电聚苯胺纳米纤维的合成条件．与使用过硫酸铵为氧化剂的传统聚合方法相比，FeCl3较小的氧化，还原电位使产物具有较小的直径和较高的结晶性．同时发现聚苯胺的形貌和电导率均与[FeCl3]／[An]的比例有关．FTIR，UV-Vis，XRD结构表征证实所得的聚苯胺纳米纤维为掺杂态．
英文摘要：
Polyaniline （PANI） nanofibers with a higher conductivity （10^-2-10^-1 S/cm） were synthesized by ＂template-free＂ method in the presence of ferric chloride as oxidant at dopant-free Via interfacial polymerization of aniline （An）. Compared with previous interfacial polymerization, this method is more simple and cheap because ferric chloride acting as both oxidant and dopant at the same time, resulting in omitting external dopant. Moreover, the resulting nanofibers show thinner diameter and higher crystallinity than those of the nanofibers oxidized by APS which perhaps due to its low redox potential of FeCl3. It is also found that the morphology and conductivity of the nanofibers at room-temperature change with the increase of [ FeCl3 ]/[ An] ratios. The nanofibers were characterized by FTIR and UV-Visible absorption spectra, and the results indicated that they were identical to the emeraldine salt state of PANI.
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