中文摘要：

基于等效应变原理,将锚索与被锚固围岩分别由马克思韦尔体、开尔文体模拟,建立了一种考虑锚索与被锚固围岩之间耦合作用关系的新元件计算模型,并推导了其本构方程、蠕变方程、松弛方程,从理论上解释了锚索预应力损失与围岩变形之间的计算关系;以济南市某深基坑桩锚支护体系为工程背景,通过理论计算、现场测试、公式拟合等方法对比分析了该模型计算结果现场测试数据,结果表明,该模型能够能够很好地反映出锚索预应力的变化规律,呈现出初期骤降,中期平稳减小,后期基本不变的趋势;该模型较未考虑耦合效应的模型（广义开尔文体）计算结果更贴近试验数据,更能反映出锚索预应力真实变化规律;研究成果为预应力工程的设计、施工提供了理论依据和技术支持。

英文摘要：

Basing on the principle of equivalent strain, the anchor and surrounding rock are respectively simulated by Maxwell Model and Kelvin Model, and a new element coupling calculation model is established which could theoretically explain and describe the calculation relations between cable prestressing loss and surrounding rock deformation; Its constitutive equations derived creep equation, relaxation equation, were deduced. One deep pit pile anchor supporting system in Jinan City is taken as an example, through theoretical calculations, field test, and formula fitting method, comparisons and analysis are made to the site test data obtained by the model. The results show that： the model could better reflect the variation of prestressed anchors, which shows a sharp dip at beginning stage, a steady decrease in the medium-term, and remain steady in later stage; and the results of the calculation model that takes into account the coupling effect is closer to the test data, and it could better reflect the anchor prestressing real variation. The research provides a theoretical basic and technical support for the design and construction of similar anchor project in the future.