中文摘要：

直径为几百纳米到几微米的微光纤具有倏逝场大、非线性度高、光场束缚能力强、便于弯曲成环、易于接入现有光纤系统等特点，为光纤器件小型化和功能集成化提供了高自由度的平台．通过集成各种外部材料、制备多种多样的人工微纳结构、发掘内禀非线性特性等方法，可以看出微光纤的功能和应用具有无限的可能性．特别是在一根微光纤上实现多个功能的集成，使得基于微光纤的纤上实验室成为可能．该文从微光纤的基本特性、关键器件实现、外部集成、应用等方面介绍了该领域的相关进展．

英文摘要：

Microfibers with diameter ranging from several hundred nanometers to sev- eral micrometers have many advantages to make it an open platform for miniaturization and integration of fiber-optic devices. These advantages include large evanescent field, high nonlinearity, strong light confnement, great con/lgurability and low-loss connection to other fiberized components. The functions and applications of microfibers can be greatly expanded by using various functional materials and microstructures, and harnessing the fruitful intrinsic nonlinearities. In particular, by integration of multiple functions in a sin- gle microfiber, lab on a fiber can be achieved. In this article, we summarize the recent progress in the microfibers research, covering fundamental characteristics of microfibers, implementation of several crucial devices, integration of external materials and applica- tions of microfiber-based devices.