中文摘要：

Anand和Orlóci（1996）提出用Huffman编码的平均码长来衡量群落结构总复杂性,用12阶Rényi熵测度群落无序结构复杂性,用两者之差测度群落有序结构复杂性。这是一种与基于生物多样性的复杂性测度完全不同,至少在思路上不同的结构复杂性测度,但对于这种测度的性质研究还不多。该文模拟建立了具有代表性的各种结构的群落400多万个,计算了这些群落的复杂性测度,对其性质进行了研究。结果表明：1）群落结构总复杂性、无序结构复杂性和有序结构复杂性受群落多样性、变异程度、优势种组成等影响。其中,群落结构总复杂性与Shannon-Wiener指数高度相关（决定系数〉0.99）,完全可由群落组成的多样性决定。群落无序结构复杂性与群落优势种对数比例或变异系数关系最大,与群落优势种对数比例之间的决定系数〉0.99。2）该群落有序结构复杂性可表示为群落生物多样性和优势种对数比例的线性组合。在生态意义上可看作主要由群落中非优势种的组成比例决定,而组成多样性能解释41%～46%的群落有序结构复杂性。3）群落组成物种总数的增加会导致群落复杂性的测度有所增加,但没有像文献（Anand ＆ Orlóci,1996）中描述的那么大,且组成总数对结构复杂性与多样性和优势种的关系等没有影响。

英文摘要：

Aims Anand ＆ Orlóci（1996）proposed a method measuring the total,disordered and organized complexity of community structure using the mean length of Huffman code,the 12th order of Rényi entropy,and the difference between these two measures,respectively.This method is quite different from measures based on community biodiversity and is potentially of great significance.Although some properties of the measures were discussed by Anand ＆ Orlóci（1996）,a thorough study has not been conducted,especially on their ecological meaning.The purpose of the paper is to reveal：1）factors affecting the measures and their ecological meaning,2）relationship between complexity and biodiversity,and 3）effect of species number on structural complexity.Methods First,〉4 000 000 simulated communities with different structures were constructed by two methods：evenly distributed mode and dominated mode.Then the three complexity measures were computed.Correlation analyses were conducted between these measures and potentially related factors such as Shannon-Wiener index,coefficient of variation and logarithmic proportion of most dominated species.Multiple linear regressions between the complexity measures and combination of these factors were carried out to explore the relationship between complexity and biodiversity.Communities with different species number were then constructed and tested to explore the effect of species number on complexity measures.Important findings The three complexity measures are strongly correlated with the Shannon-Wiener index,coefficient of variation and logarithmic proportion of the most dominated species.For total complexity,the correlation coefficient between it and the Shannon-Wiener index is nearly 1（0.996）,so is that between the 12th order of Rényi entropy and logarithmic proportion of the most dominated species.The determining coefficient of multiple linear regression between organized complexity and Shannon-Wiener index and logarithmic proportion of the most dominated species is a