中文摘要：

大于10×104km2的大尺度流域建模面临诸多挑战,在过程理解、数学表达、尺度转化、生态与水文过程的耦合机制等方面尚存在瓶颈.基于本体的建模方法,依据本体表示的多级过程,将已有模型拆分成组件,用户根据需求添加组件得到定制模型,通过语义重组与技术创新,为大尺度流域模型集成提供新的思路.以黑河流域生态水文研究为范例,在解释生态水文本体内涵、分析现有本体构建方法的基础上,提出＂基于知识的生态-水文本体构建方法＂,通过荒漠生态系统生态-水文本体的构建,证明了该方法的有效性与可行性.

英文摘要：

Large-scale（ 10 × 104km2） watershed modeling is facing many challenges at present. There are bottlenecks in the understanding and mathematical expression of the process,the scale transformation and the coupling mechanism of eco-hydrological processes. The modeling method based on ontology may spli the existing model into components according to multistage process represented by ontology. Then it is able to add component and to get custom model based on demand. Through semantic recombination and technological innovation,a new method is provided for large-scale river model integration. In this paper,the eco-hydrology in the Heihe River basin is taken as an example. After explaining the connotation of eco-hydrological ontology and analyzing the existing ontology building methods,the eco-hydrological ontology construction method is put forward based on knowledge,which is proved to be effective and feasible through constructing an ontology of desert ecosystem.