中文摘要：

基于2000-2009年全国各省份城镇居民收入数据，依据基尼系数和泰尔指数两种方法测度了我国城镇居民收入差距的变化程度，结果显示2000-2006年差距略微上升，但2006-2009年逐年下降，发现了经济增长与收入差距没有必然的一致性，即经济的增长并不必然以收入差距的扩大为代价，缩小收入分配差距也并不必然牺牲经济的发展速度。通过基尼系数把城镇居民收入差距分解为收入结构差距，揭示了工资性收入是总差距的决定因素，但其对总差距的贡献度在不断降低；转移性收入对总差距的贡献程度也在降低，二者对缩小总差距有积极作用。通过泰尔指数把城镇居民收入差距分解为区域间差距和区域内差距，发现区域间差距是构成总差距主体，但是从时间序列看，区域内对总差距的影响程度逐步扩大，东部地区内部省际城镇居民收入的差异对区域内差距影响最大。

英文摘要：

Based on the 2000-2009 national income data on urban residents in all provinces, the change scope of the income gap between urban residents is measured according to the Gini coefficient and the Theil index. The results show there is a slight expansion between 2000-2006, but 2006-2009 decline. It is found that economic growth and income inequality are not necessarily consistent, that is, economic growth is not necessarily at the cost of increasing the income gap. Narrowing the income gap is not necessarily at the cost of sacrificing economic growth either. According to Gini coefficient the income gap between urban residents is decomposed to the income structure gap, revealing wage income is the determining factor of the general gap, but its contribution to the general gap is decreasing; so is transfer income . Both have a positive effect on narrowing the gap overall. According to Theil index the income gap between urban disparities is decomposed to the gaps between and within regions, the gap between regions is found to constitute the subject of the general gap, but from the time series perspective, the impact the gap within the regions gradually expand. The eastern regions inter-provincial differences in the income of urban residents have the greatest impact on the gap within regions.