中文摘要：

污染诱导群落耐性（PICT）是指生物群落为了在污染环境中继续生存,通过生理生化与遗传特征的改变或以耐性类群生物代替敏感类群,从而使整个群落产生耐性.目前人们已将PICT作为一项指标,从群落耐性方面来评价污染生态学的效应.目前PICT研究已涵盖了水生生物、陆地植物、微生物等,其中土壤微生物是PICT研究的重要群落对象.对土壤微生物群落PICT的研究始于上世纪90年代,并已在多方面取得进展,包括在研究方法上的一些突破和改进.在PICT产生和变化机理等方面也有新发现,如发现了土壤微生物群落PICT与污染物浓度存在较好的正相关关系,并且污染物能够引起土壤微生物群落对其他污染物的共耐性等.在PICT影响因素研究方面发现不仅环境因素会影响PICT的形成,而且检测方法也会影响对PICT的判断.论文较为全面地综述了国际上针对土壤微生物群落PICT的研究进展,包括PICT的概念、研究方法、污染物影响PICT的内在机制及影响PICT的关键因素等,最后提出了研究展望.

英文摘要：

Pollution induced community tolerance（PICT） refers to an increased tolerance to pollutants of a given community. PICT may be derived from sensitive species being replaced by more tolerant species in a community, selection of more genetically tolerant individuals within a population, or physiological adaptation of individuals. PICT, used as an indicator for the determination of toxic effects of pollutants in biotic communities, has been developed for aquatic and terrestrial communities. Studies on PICT of soil microbial community started at the beginning of 1990s, and much progress has been made in study methods, developmental mechanisms of PICT and factors that may influence PICT. Major findings with respect to developmental mechanisms include： 1） A positive correlation between PICT and pollutant concentration; 2） Co-tolerance of microbial community to other pollutants after primary pollution. Furthermore, it has been getting more and more attention that the applications of PICT in the evaluation of microbial drug tolerance as well as of pollution degree and soil remediation efficiency. This paper provides an overview on the recent advances in PICT of soil microbial community, and discusses the potential areas for future efforts, with the hope to provide references for domestic researchers of related fields.