中文摘要：

利用ChiF／ChiR引物组合在普通小麦品种中国春中扩增几丁质酶基因，并对其序列进行分析，然后利用中国春缺四体材料对不同的几丁质酶基因进行染色体定位，并对定位成功的亚基进行原核表达以及诱导纯化，最后通过进化树分析小麦几丁质酶与其他物种几丁质酶之间的进化关系。结果表明，从中国春中分离出的30个几丁质酶基因可以划分为出6类，分别命名为Chi-1、Chi-2、Chi-3、Ch？4、Chi-5和Chi-6，登录号分别为KJ507385、KJ507386、KJ507387、KJ507388、KJ507389和KJ507390，它们都属于ClassI几丁质酶。Chi-1、（强i-2、Chi-3、Chi-4和Ch？6分别定位在小麦的3A、2B、5B、1A和3D染色体，Chi-5定位失败。Chi-1、Chi-2、Chi-3、Chi-4和Chi-6的原核表达和纯化体系成功建立，最后发现小麦ClassI型几丁质酶与水稻和大麦的ClassI型几丁质酶进化关系更近，而与拟南芥的关系最远。总体来看，通过对小麦几丁质酶的克隆、序列分析、染色体定位、原核表达体系的建立以及进化分析，可知，小麦几丁质酶包括很多种不同的亚型，而且它们分布在不同的染色体上，同时它们与水稻和大麦的进化关系最近。

英文摘要：

Chitinase genes are amplified in ordinary wheat varieties（Chinese Spring）by primer combinations（ChiF/ChiR）,those sequences are analyzed and located by Nulli tetrasomic of Chinese Spring,and the subunits which are successfully located are built prokaryotic expression and purification system.Finally evolutionary relationships of chitinase between different plants are analyzed by evolutionary tree.The result showed that 30 different Chi genes exacted from China Spring were divide to six different Chi genes containing Chi-1,Chi-2,Chi-3,Chi-4,Chi-5 and Chi-6,its accession number are KJ507385,KJ507386,KJ507387,KJ507388,KJ507389,KJ507390,respectively,and all subunits belong ClassⅠ.The result of chromosomal localization revealed that Chi-1,Chi-2,Chi-3,Chi-4 and Chi-6 are successfully located on 3A,2B,5B,1Aand 3Dchromosomes,respectively,while localization of Chi-5 was failure.Prokaryotic expression and purification system were built successfully for those five localized subunits.Finally evolutionary relationships of ClassⅠ Chitinase from wheatis near to that from rice and barley while far fromArabidopsis.Overall,thought cloned Chitinase,sequence analysis,chromosomal localization,prokaryotic expression and purification,evolutionary analysis,many Chitinase subunits are contained in different chromosomes of wheat,and its evolutionary relationships is closer with rice and barley than other plants.