中文摘要：

首先合成了聚氨酯（PU）水溶液，再采用凝聚相分离法合成了PU微胶囊。研究了二异氰酸酯单体种类、聚乙二醇分子量、单体摩尔比、总单体含量、CaCl2浓度对PU微胶囊的影响，通过FTIR和SEM表征了微胶囊的化学结构和形态结构。实验结果表明，选用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与分子量为200的聚已二醇以摩尔比6：2反应，总单体含量为45％，CaCl2浓度〉4％可以制得球形度好的PU微胶囊。FTIR表明合成的微胶囊为PU；SEM照片显示微胶囊为较光滑的圆球形，表面有孔隙，直径为3mm左右，内有空腔，空腔直径为2mm左右。

英文摘要：

Polyurethane（PU） water solutions were synthesized and PU microcapsules were synthesized with the coacervation phase separation method. The influencing factors of PU microcapsules were investigated including the kinds of diisocyanate the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol （PEG）, the mole ratios and the grosses of monomers and the concentrations of CaCl2. The structure and morphology of the PU mierocapsules were measured by fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The results show that the optimal conditions of synthesizing the spherical PU microcapsules are as follows： the mole ratio of IPDI and PEG（200） is 6 ： 2, the grosses of monomers are 45%, the concentrations of CaCl2 are more than 4%. The results of FTIR indicate that the synthesizing microcapsules are PU microcapsules. The results of SEM reveal that PU microcapsules are smooth sphericity, The surfaces are provided with porosity, the diameter of the PU microcapsules is 3mm or so, the diameter of cavities in PU microcapsules is 2mm or so.