中文摘要：

目的 分析云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州（德宏州）2015年1-11月新报告HIV感染者亚型，掌握德宏州中国籍和缅甸籍HIV感染者亚型分布特征。方法 对德宏州2015年1-11月新报告的HIV感染者且血浆量在200 μl以上的标本进行核酸抽提，使用RT-PCR方法对HIV的gag、env和pol 3个基因进行反转录扩增，所得产物直接测序，确定亚型型别。结果 2015年1-11月德宏州新报告HIV感染者963例，成功测定HIV亚型的感染者499例。独特重组（URFs）比例最大（27.1%，135/499）；其后为C（26.7%，133/499）和CRF01_AE（19.2%，96/499）等亚型。URFs中主要包括4种形式的重组，其中以BC亚型重组最多。中国籍和缅甸籍感染者的亚型分布特征不同，传播方式是唯一与中国籍和缅甸籍感染者亚型分布有关联的因素。结论 德宏州中国籍和缅甸籍HIV感染者亚型分布复杂，URFs首次居分布首位。中国籍和缅甸籍感染者亚型分布有差异，但主要受HIV传播方式的影响。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the distribution of HIV subtype in newly detected people living with HIV from January to November, 2015 in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province. Methods DNA extraction, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） for gag, env, and pol amplification and amplification product sequencing were conducted by using plasmas of newly detected HIV-infected persons. The subtypes were confirmed by analyzing the sequences of 3 genes. Results A total of 963 HIV infection cases were reported during this period, the HIV subtype was confirmed in 499 cases. Unique recombinant form （URF） was the most common subtype （27.1%, 135/499）, followed by C （26.7%, 133/499）, CRF01_AE （19.2%, 96/499） and others. URF included 4 kinds of combination, of which combination of subtype B and C was most common. HIV subtype distribution differed between the Chinese HIV infection cases and the Burmese HIV infection cases, the proportion of B and C combination was higher in the Chinese cases. Transmission route was the only factor influencing HIV subtype distribution. Conclusions HIV subtype distribution in Dehong was complex. URF was predominant. The HIV subtype distribution differed between Chinese and Burmese under different transmission route.