中文摘要：

本研究以专门化知觉加工过程的特性为切入点,以6名高水平男子击剑运动员和6名上海体育学院击剑俱乐部男性大学生为实验对象,采用专家—新手的研究范式,运用事件相关电位（ERP）记录技术,探讨高水平击剑运动员空间知觉特性及其可能的神经机制。结果显示,高水平运动员组的空间知觉反应时间比体育大学生组快、准确率比体育大学生组高,但无统计学意义。空间知觉实验中,高水平运动员组相应脑区诱发的P1、N1和P3峰波幅低于体育大学生组,P3峰潜伏期短于体育大学生组;其知觉上视野刺激诱发了明显的P2、N2成分,表明高水平击剑运动员空间知觉过程既经济又有效,其空间知觉速度快且心理能量呈现＂节省化＂特征;其视觉搜索主要采用指向上视野的注意指向策略。其可能的神经机制为特定脑区诱发的P1、N1和P3的脑神经活动水平较低,诱发产生P3的时间较早,产生了明显的P2、N2。这为击剑运动员的科学训练和选材提供了参考依据。

英文摘要：

Objective This study investigated the spatial perception characteristics of elite fleuret athletes.Methods We observed the special perception processing of 6 male elite fleuret athletes and 6 male undergraduates from an university fleuret club using the expert-novice pattern and event-related brain potential（ERP）recording technique.Results The reaction time and the accuracy of the processing spatial perception in the elite fleuret athletes were better than the undergraduates,however,there were no statistically significances between the two groups.The peak amplitudes of P1,N1 and P3 of elite fleuret athletes were lower than that of undergraduates,and the peak latency of P3 of elite fleuret athletes were shorter than that of undergraduates on the relevant brain cortex.The P2 and N2 components were evoked significantly by the upper visual field stimulus in elite fleuret athletes.Conclusions Results demonstrated that the process of spatial perception in elite fleuret athletes was relatively faster,effective,and economic.The spatial perception characteristics could be helpful for talent fencer selection.