中文摘要：

基于土体微观结构演化建立其土体沉降计算模型是值得探索的新方法和新途径。研究首先从室内固结试验和三轴固结试验出发，研究不同荷载条件下软土微观结构变化与固结变形特征；并运用图像处理技术，提取微观结构参数，分析微观结构参数与荷载、变形和强度之间的关系，建立基于微观结构的软土沉降计算模型；最后，将这一模型应用于实际工程中，计算结果与监测值对比分析表明：二者具有较好的一致性，验证了该模型的实用价值。

英文摘要：

Modeling for settlement calculation of soil based on its microstructure is a new way worth to try. The study mainly includes five parts： ①research on the characters of macro-deformation and microstructure of soft clay ground on consolidation test and consolidated tri-axial test; ②adopting image-processing technique to extract parameters of soil microstructure; ③analyzing the relationship between microstructure parameters and loading, deformation as well as strength; ④using numerical analysis method to construct calculation model of settlement in soft clay strata ground on microstructure; ⑤applying the new model based on the microstructure parameters to practical engineering, and the results show that the calculated data are very close to the monitored ones. Meanwhile, the resuits show that the varying regularities of microstructure of soft clay is well coincided with the regularities of deformation and strength in the experimental study. It also means that the model has some significance on innovation and practice.