中文摘要：

采用高速电铸方法制备电铸镍,研究退火温度对电铸镍的微观组织和力学性能的影响.分别利用光学显微镜、X射线应力测定仪、显微硬度计来分析电铸镍的微观组织,残余应力和维氏硬度HV的变化,并通过拉伸实验测定电铸镍的伸长率和抗拉强度.结果表明：电铸镍分为内层和外层两个区域,内层由粗大的柱状晶组成,外层由细小的柱状晶组成,退火时电铸镍发生回复和再结晶;未经退火处理的电铸镍伸长率为14％,内层硬度为193,外层为263,抗拉强度巩为625MPa;经不同温度退火后,电铸镍的塑性均有改善,硬度和抗拉强度均有下降.电铸镍在550℃退火2h后,伸长率可达32％,内层硬度为173,外层为165,σb为460MPa.

英文摘要：

The electroformed nickel was prepared by high-speed electroforming method.The influence of annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated.The microstructures,residual stresses and Vickers hardness（HV） of electroformed nickel were detected by optical microscope,X-ray stressometer and micro-hardness tester.The elongation and tensile strength were measured by tensile tests.The results indicate that the electroformed nickel is divided into inner and outer two parts,the inner part is composed of coarse columnar grains,the outer part is composed of fine columnar grains.The recovery and recrystallization occur in the electroformed nickel during annealing.The elongation of electroformed nickel without any annealing is 14％,the Vickers hardness in the inner part is 193,in the outer part is 263 and the tensile strength σb is 625MPa.After annealing treatment at different temperatures,the plasticity can be improved,but the hardness and tensile strength decrease.After annealed at 550℃ for 2h the elongation of electroformed nickel is up to 32 ％,the Vickers hardness in the inner part is 173,in the outer part is 165 and the σb is 460MPa.