中文摘要：

采用传统的二维（2D）金相分析方法估算受冲击作用后金属样品中孔洞的空间损伤分布时，通常未对误差进行量化。应用传统的二维金相分析方法和三维（3D）高分辨率x射线断层扫描方法，分别计算了不同受损程度的高纯铝样品中孔洞的空间损伤分布，比较和分析了两种方法的优、缺点，给出了二者之间的相对误差与飞片撞击速度之间的关系。研究结果可为材料损伤的空间分布统计提供有益的参考。

英文摘要：

Traditional two-dimensional （2D） metallographic modeling method is commonly used to evaluate the spatial void distribution in shocked metals. However, its error was not quantified. This paper reports the comparison of 2D method and three-dimensional （3D） high resolution X-ray tomo- graphy method on evaluating the spatial void distribution in the shocked ultrapure aluminum with different damage degrees. A regression equation （errors vs. impact velocity） was deduced to quantify the errors and a potential correction can be made based on the equation. Therefore,caution should be exercised when using the results reported by 2D methods in the literature.