中文摘要：

航空静电喷雾系统是传统静电喷雾技术在空中操作平台上的专门应用,是航空植保技术的重要内容。美国在上个世纪60年代开始开展航空静电喷雾的技术研究,本文着重介绍了美国航空静电喷雾系统近50a的发展历史和相关的测试工作,包括航空静电喷雾系统的早期研究和持续改进,以及最终的系统模型确定。航空静电喷雾系统可有效减少施药液量和提高药液沉积量,但是仍然存在如何提高病虫害防治效果和减少下风处的喷雾飘移等方面的问题,航空静电喷雾系统针对不同作物和病虫害的适用范围和最佳作业条件还需要进一步的研究和探索。然而,航空静电喷雾系统的巨大优势已经奠定了其在现代农业航空发展中的地位,随着不断的试验研究和评估,现代航空静电喷雾技术必将继续支持农业航空产业的发展。

英文摘要：

Aerial electrostatic spraying system is the specialized application of conventional electrostatic spraying technology over the air operating platform. It plays an important role in aerial plant protection technology. Droplets with aerial electrostatic spraying can be adsorbed to the lower part of crop plants and the back of leaves as well as the front of the crop leaves. Aerial electrostatic spraying system is able to achieve disease and pest control and reduce environmental pollution with lower chemical application rate due to its uniform chemicals coverage, rapid droplet sedimentation, and low drift loss. The application of aerial electrostatic spraying system in agricultural production is an important part of aerial plant protection technology, which has attracted extensive attention of scholars in the world. When researchers originally developed aerial electrostatic spraying systems, the electrostatic spraying technology had been successfully applied in greenhouses, orchards and other ground spraying operations, which could significantly increase the droplet deposition on the target and reduce the drift to non-target areas. The United States is first country of the world to use an aircraft for pesticide spraying operations. For the experimental study on how to apply electrostatic spraying technology to aerial spraying equipment, the United States is also taking a leading role in this field. Research on aerial electrostatic spraying in the United States started in the 1960 s. This summary is intended to detail this development process during the past 50 years and related test work, including early research on aerial electrostatic spray system, its continuous improvement, and the final determination of the prototype of the system. Aerial electrostatic spraying system can effectively reduce spray rate and increase spray droplet deposition, but it still has to face the challenges of improving the crop control effectiveness and reducing downwind spray drift. In addition, the application scope and optimum operating