中文摘要：

土壤微生物生物量是土壤有机质中最为活跃的部分，它调节着陆地生态系统的生物地球化学过程。不少研究表明，森林土壤微生物生物量具有明显的季节动态变化特征。本文在综合前人研究的基础上，对森林土壤微生物生物量的季节动态变化规律及其影响因子进行了归纳和总结，发现森林土壤微生物生物量的季节波动主要有夏高冬低型、夏低冬高型和干-湿季节交替循环型3种模式，这些变化类型主要与土壤温度、土壤湿度、季节干-湿交替循环或与植物的生长节律等有关。在今后的相关研究中，要加强对森林土壤微生物生物量季节动态变化调控机理的研究，并注重对土壤微生物生物量C与土壤微生物生物量N、P动态变化的耦合关系的研究。

英文摘要：

Soil microbial biomass is the most active component of soil organic carbon that regulates biogeochemical processes in terrestrial ecosystems. A lot of studies reported that there were significant seasonal fluctuations of microbial biomass in forest soils. We reviewed on the soil microbial biomass dynamic patterns and their control factors in forest soils from lots of references. There were mainly three patterns of soil microbial biomass dynamics ： more in summer and little in winter, more in winter and little in summer, and alternately wet-dry season cycle, which may correlated to soil temperature, soil moisture, drying and rewetting cycle and plant growing rhythm, etc. Further studies should be focused on the factors and mechanisms regulating seasonal dynamics of forest soil microbial biomass. Moreover, we also should concentrate our research on the couple of seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass N, P and soil microbial biomass C.