中文摘要：

离子液体表面活性剂在化学合成、材料制备和环境污染控制等方面的应用与它们在水溶液中的自组装及其微观结构密切相关。因此,研究离子液体表面活性剂在水溶液中的自组装行为具有重要的意义。本文重点综述了阳离子的结构、阴离子的类型、外加电解质、有机添加剂、环境因素（温度、溶液p H值和光）等对离子液体表面活性剂在水中的自组装行为以及对组装体结构影响的研究进展,总结了这些因素对离子液体表面活性剂在水中自组装的调控规律,展望了该领域的发展方向及面临的挑战。

英文摘要：

Application of ionic liquid surfactants in chemical synthesis, materials preparation, and environmental pollution control is closely dependent on their self-assembly behavior and aggregate structure in aqueous solution. Thus, the study of the aggregation behavior of ionic liquid surfactants in water is of significant importance. In this review, we focus our attention on the recent progress made in the regulation and control of the self-assembly behavior of ionic liquid surfactants and related microstructure of their aggregates in aqueous solutions by alkyl chain length, cationic structure, anionic type of the ionic liquid surfactants, addition of inorganic salt and organic solvent, and environmental factors such as temperature, solution pH, and light. Some regularities have been summarized for the regulation and control of the self-assembly behavior of ionic liquid surfactants, and the challenges to future development in this field are explained.