中文摘要：

目的观察人参茎叶总皂苷（GSLS）对顺铂（CDDP）诱导肾损伤小鼠的保护作用,并探讨其可能机制。方法 32只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为正常对照组、CDDP模型组（一次性ip给予CDDP 20 mg·kg^-1诱导小鼠肾损伤）、CDDP＋GSLS 150和300 mg·kg^-1给药组。给药组连续给予GSLS 7 d,末次给药1 h后,一次性ip给予CDDP 20 mg·kg^-1诱导小鼠肾损伤,继续给予GSLS 150和300 mg·kg^-13 d,分别采用脲酶法和肌氨酸氧化酶法检测小鼠血尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（CRE）水平,评价肾功能的变化;分别采用可见光法和微量酶标法检测肾组织中过氧化氢酶（CAT）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平,评价小鼠肾组织中氧化应激的水平;采用生物素双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法检测肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）,评价肾组织中炎症水平;HE和PAS染色法观察肾组织病理变化;TUNEL和Hoechst33258染色法观察细胞凋亡。结果与正常对照组比较,CDDP组小鼠体质量显著下降（P〈0.05）,肾指数和血清中CRE,BUN,TNF-α和IL-1β水平显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,其中CRE和BUN分别升高了1倍和3倍,肾组织CAT和GSH显著下降（P〈0.05）;CDDP组肾组织中出现肾小球肿胀、肾小管扩张、肾小球上皮细胞坏死,管腔内出现透明管型,细胞核固缩或消失,肾间质水肿和炎症细胞浸润,大量糖原沉积,此外还有大量的TUNEL阳性细胞和Hoechst33258阳性细胞表达;与CDDP组比较,GSLS各治疗组小鼠血清中CRE和BUN水平明显降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,肾组织糖原沉积减少,肾小管上皮细胞凋亡减少（P〈0.05）;CDDP＋GSLS 300 mg·kg^-1组TNF-α和IL-1β显著降低（P〈0.05）,CAT和GSH显著升高（P〈0.05）,肾组织坏死程度减轻（P〈0.05）。结论GSLS对CDDP诱导的小鼠肾损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与改善氧化应激、减少炎症反应及抗细胞凋亡有关。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of total saponins from stems and leaves of Panax ginseng（GSLS） on cisplatin（CDDP）-induced kidney damage in mice and its possible mechanism.METHODS Thirty-two male ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control group,CDDP group, and GSLS（150 and 300）＋ CDDP groups.GSLS was administered to mice by oral gavage once a day for 7 d.On the 7thday, a single injection of CDDP 20 mg·kg^-1was given 1 h after GSLS 150 and 300 mg·kg^-1before GSLS 150 and 300 mg·kg^-1continued to be given for 3 d.Blood urea nitrogen（BUN） and creatinine（CRE）, catalase（CAT） in renal tissue, reduced glutathione（GSH）, tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α） and interleukin 1β（IL-1β） of cisplatin induced mice were detected after 72 h.HE and PAS staining were used to observe the renal histopathological changes; While TUNEL and Hoechst33258 staining were employed to observe apoptosis in kidney tissues.RESULTS Compared with normal control group, CDDP group had a significant reduction in relative body mass（P〈0.05）, and the level of GSH and CAT in kidney tissues（P〈0.05）.The level of CRE, BUN, TNF-α, and IL-1β in serum and renal indexes significantly increased（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）, especial y BUN and CRE that respectively doubled and quadrupled.CDDP group developed glomerulus swelling, renal tubular expansion and epithelial cell necrosis.Transparent tube type of tube cavity appeared, the nucleus pycnosis disappeared, but renal interstitial edema and inflammatory cell infiltration appeared.There was a large amount of glycogen deposition and high expressions of TUNEL positive cells and Hoechst33258 positive cells.Compared with CDDP group, the levels of BUN and CRE in GSLS treatment group significantly decreased（P〈0.05, P〈0.01） in serum,glycogen deposition was reducted and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cel s decreased in kidney tissues（P〈0.05）.The level of TNF-α, IL-1β（P〈0.05） and the degree of renal tissue necrosis were signi