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中文摘要：
现阶段人多水少、水资源时空分布不均、经济社会发展与水资源分布不协调，以及日益严峻的水污染形势，使得实行合理有效的水资源管理方式成为迫切需求。最严格水资源管理制度作为最新的治水方略，从取水、用水、排水三方面进行严格控制，并形成了与取水、用水、排水和管水相关的制度。通过介绍最严格水资源管理制度的提出背景，解读制度的基本理念，构建制度的理论体系框架，阐述制度形成的指导思想、基本原则、科技支撑、主要内容、理论方法和保障措施，为最严格水资源管理制度的深入研究和实践提供参考依据。
英文摘要：
At present, the implementation of reasonable and effective management system of water resources is urgently needed due to the increasing population with less water, the uneven temporal and spatial distribution of water resources, the incoordi nation between the development of economy and society and the distribution of water resources, and the increasingly severe wa- ter pollution situation. As the latest water control strategy, the strictest water resources management system is implemented from three aspects including water intaking, water use, and water drainage, thereby forming the corresponding system related to the above three aspects and water management as well. In this paper, the background of the strictest water resources management system is introduced and its basic philosophy is analyzed, and the theoretical framework of the system is developed. In addition, the guiding theory, fundamental principles, technological support, main content, theoretical methods, and safeguard mechanisms of the system are illustrated, which can provide references for the in-depth research and application of the strictest water resources management system.
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