中文摘要：

基于1991～2004年的甘肃省水资源公报中的用水数据，采用信息熵描述用水结构的演变，运用因子分析法研究用水结构演变的驱动力。结果表明，石羊河流域的用水结构特点是以农业用水为主，工业、生活及生态用水比例小；1991年以来总用水量变化不明显，农业用水比例降低，工业、生活用水比例相应增加；用水结构信息熵结果表明：金昌市的用水结构信息熵显著增加，而武威市和全流域的未来趋势不明显；因子分析结果显示以农业发展为主的社会经济因子是石羊河流域用水结构演变的主要驱动力。因此，石羊河流域应继续加大用水结构调整力度，通过关井压田和节水技术的推广降低农业用水比例，发展高效节水农业。

英文摘要：

Shiyang River Basin is an inland river basin in arid areas, the water resources can not satisfy the water demand. To obtain sustainable water utilization, analyzing the change of water utilization structure and finding out the factors are important. Based on the data from the Communiques of Water Resources in Gansu Province （1991 --2004）, Information Entropy is used to describe the process of water utilization structure changing. The Method of Factor Analysis is used to find out the driving forces of water utilization structure, which leads this variety happening. The results indicate that the agricultural water utilization is the majority, while other sectors＇ water utilization is in small proportion; With the structure of water utilization changing faintly, the percentage of agricultural water utilization has been decreasing since 1991, at the same time, that of industrial water utilization and domestic water utilization has been increasing. Information Entropy of water utilization structure shows that Jinchang has a bright future, and water utilization structure in this region is in equilibrium; but Wuwei and the total basin are not. Therefore, continuous efforts should be made to adjust the water utilization structure in the Shiyang River basin, through controlling irrigation areas, closing wells and promoting water-saving technologies to reduce the quantity of agricultural water use, and developing highly efficient water-saving agriculture.