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大气复合污染条件下新粒子生成和增长机制及其环境影响

ISSN号：0567-7351
期刊名称：《化学学报》
时间：0
分类：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
作者机构：环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871
相关基金：项目受国家自然科学基金（Nos.91544214,21190052,41121004）,国家重点基础研究发展计划（N0.2013CB228503）和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（No.XDB05010500）资助.

关键词：新粒子生成, 颗粒物增长, 转化机制, 环境效应, 大气复合污染, new particle formation, particle growth, transformation mechanism, environmental impact, complex air pollu- tion

中文摘要：

新粒子生成与增长是一个从分子到纳米颗粒物的微观尺度演变过程,对区域到全球尺度空气质量和气候造成显著影响.总结了国内外对新粒子生成与增长物理化学机制的研究进展和局限性.提出以揭示新粒子生成、增长及其产生环境效应的机制为核心目标,利用外场观测、烟雾箱模拟和模式模拟等多种手段,开发和应用先进的研究技术,辨识参与并促使快速成核的关键前体物种,弄清驱动新粒子初始和后续增长的化学和物理机制,以揭示大气复合污染条件下快速成核和持续增长的条件与机制并评价新粒子对大气环境的影响.在全面理解大气复合污染条件下成核和增长机制及其环境效应的基础上提高对区域霾形成机制的认识,也推进国际相关领域对污染大气环境新粒子生成与增长机制普遍性和差异性的研究.

英文摘要：

New particle formation （NPF） and its subsequent growth plays a key role in air quality and climate change at regional and global scales. Especially under complex air pollution in China, nucleation and growth can be highly efficient, claimed to be a main source of cloud condensation nuclei （CCN） and an important cause of secondary aerosol pollution. Cur- rently, the mechanism of particle formation and growth as well as its environmental effects are still poorly understood. Thereby, fully understanding of the atmospheric nucleation and subsequent growth still presents a big challenge to atmos- pheric chemistry researches. This study reviews the current results from studies on mechanisms and environmental effects of atmospheric nucleation and growth. We summarize that traditional nucleation theories such as binary nucleation of H2SOa-H20, ternary nucleation of H2SOa-NH3-H20, ion-induced nucleation are not capable in explaining new particle for- mation under complex air pollution, while newly proposed mechanisms such as organic acids and amine induced nucleation were not verified because of technique limitation. We propose that the future researches should focus on identifying the key chemical precursor response for driving nucleation and initial and subsequent growth, and understand the physical and chem- ical processing of new particle formation and growth. In particularly, application and development of novel techniques, such as APi-TOF-CIMS, PSM, Nano-HTDMA in new particle formation study is very important. Also, future researches should establish whole process tracking on new particle formation, from precursor, nucleation, growth till the environmental effects, by integrating field observation, chamber simulation, and modelling. Currently, the mechanism of highly efficient nucleation and rapid growth taking place under complex air pollution in China is urgently needed to be in-depth studied in order to im- prove our understanding of regional haze formation. This could be helpful to understand the similar