中文摘要：

测定了红山茶组30个物种的ITS序列，利用茶作为外类群，应用PAUP4．0程序中的最大简约法构建了该组植物的系统发育关系。结果表明，大部分红山茶组植物构成一个单系群，这一单系群又分为两个分支。其中一个分支包括了分布在我国中南地区的大花红山茶、多齿红山茶以及分布在华东南地区的浙江红山茶、山茶等，其自展支持率为79％（Clade Ⅰ）；另一个分支主要包括分布在我国西南地区的西南红山茶、金沙江红山茶、滇山茶等，自展支持率为92％（Clade Ⅱ）。根据ITS系统树并结合物种的形态特征及地理分布探讨了红山茶组植物的种间关系及其系统进化。

英文摘要：

Internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA from 30 taxa of Section Camellia were sequenced and analyzed. Taking C. sinensis as an outgroup, phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences was conducted by using PAUP 4.0. The results indicated that the most plant in Section Camellia formed a monophyletic group. This group could be divided into two main clades （Clade Ⅰ and Clade Ⅱ ）. The Clade Ⅰ included the species distributed in central south and southeast of China, supported by bootstrap value of 79%. The species distributed in southwest China formed another clade with bootstrap value of 92%. The taxonomic and evolutional relationships in Section Camellia were discussed based on the phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences, morphological characters and geographical distribution.