中文摘要：

蛋白质的磷酸化作用是一种可逆的翻译后修饰方式,几乎参与生物体内所有关键生命活动,在核内基因的特定表达、细胞的分裂分化以及各种生命活动的转导中发挥重要意义。基于磷酸化前后电化学信号的改变,利用电化学传感器的方法能快速简便地检测蛋白质的磷酸化作用,且具有较高的选择性和灵敏度。本文回顾了几种常用的电化学检测磷酸化作用的方法,基于电极材料的不同进行了分类与总结,汇总了每种方法中用到的修饰电极的纳米材料及生物分子,最后总结了电化学方法检测蛋白质磷酸化的优缺点,并对有效检测磷酸化作用进行了前景展望。

英文摘要：

The phosphorylation of proteins is a reversible post-translational modification,which is almost involved in all the life activities in organisms. Protein phosphorylation plays a significant role in specific genes expressing,cell proliferation and differentiation,especially in the further transduction of various life activities. Based on the changes of electrochemical signal,protein phosphorylation can be detected conveniently by electrochemical methods because of its high sensitivity and selectivity. This review summarizes several electrochemical methods for the detection of phosphorylation based on the electrode materials,and the common materials or molecules using for electrode modification. At the end of this review, the advantages and disadvantages,as w ell as a prospect of effective electrochemical detection of phosphorylation are given.