中文摘要：

在高电场作用下,在真空、气体或液体介质中常常会发生沿固体绝缘表面的破坏性放电现象,即表面闪络,而发生闪络的电压往往远低于固体和氛围介质本身的击穿电压,其中尤以真空中的闪络现象最为严重。本文针对真空条件下PTFE和可加工陶瓷在冲击电压下的沿面闪络现象进行了观测和研究。发现改变绝缘材料粗糙度对其闪络特性有明显的影响,并对这些现象进行合理解释。

英文摘要：

Under the high electric field, discharge sometimes occurs along the surface of solid in vacuum, gas or liquid dielectrics, and it is called the surface flashover. The voltage of discharge is known as flashover voltage. When surface flashover occurs, the voltage is usually far below the breakdown voltage of the solid itself or the atmosphere, especially in vacuum. The surface flashover phenomena across insulating materials always lead to the failure of power system insulation and may cause serious accidents. The flashover along the surface of the insulating material is interesting to many researchers. The flashover phenomena along PTFE and machinable ceramics are investigated under impulse voltage in vacuum. This paper finds that changing the surface roughness of the insulating materials has obvious influence on their flashover characteristics. These phenomena can be reasonably explained.