中文摘要：

目的采用在体穿孔全细胞膜片钳技术，记录成年大鼠单个初级体感皮质（s1）神经元，比较戊巴比妥钠和乌拉坦麻醉下神经元的自发膜电位活动。方法成年雄性SD大鼠20只，通过腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠或乌拉坦进行麻醉，按麻醉注射药物不同分为戊巴比妥麻醉组和乌拉坦麻醉组（每组10只），将头部固定于立体定位仪上，待麻醉稳定后进行在体穿孔膜片钳记录。结果实验在戊巴比妥钠组和乌拉坦麻醉组中各记录了27个s1神经元。结果显示：戊巴比妥麻醉组和乌拉坦麻醉组神经元的静息膜电位[（-84±4）mv比（-82±4）mV，P〉0．05]、动作电位发放频率[（0．28±0．28）Hz比（0．33±0．34）Hz，P〉0．05]和动作电位幅度[（58±10）mv比（63±8）mV，P〉0．05]比较，差异均没有统计学意义；但是两种麻醉药物作用下，神经元的自发膜电位变化模式完全不同，戊巴比妥钠麻醉下只包括短的兴奋性突触后电位，膜电位的累计分布呈单峰，而乌拉坦麻醉下呈现去极化（up）和超极化（DOWN）交替出现的膜电位振荡，且膜电位的累计分布呈明显的双峰。结论在戊巴比妥钠和乌拉坦作用下，初级体感皮质神经元的膜电位变化模式不同。

英文摘要：

Objective Using in vivo perforated whole-cell recording in adult rats, we compared the spontaneous activity of somatosensory cortical（S1） neurons that was recorded under light pentobarbital and urethane anesthesia. Methods Twenty SD male rats were anesthetized with either pentobarbital or urethane （10 rats in each group）, and head of the rat was fixed with stereotaxic apparatus for surgery and the following procedures. Perforated whole-cell recording was performed in vivo in the anesthetized animals several hours after surgery. Results Twenty-seven S1 neurons recorded from each group of rats were randomly selected for analysis. There were no significant differences in the resting membrane potential [（-84±4） mV vs （-82±4） mV, P〉0.05], action-potential frequency[（0.28±0.28） Hz vs （0.33±0.34） Hz, P〉0.05], and action-potential amplitude[（58±10） mV vs （63±8） mV, P〉0.05] between these two groups. However, the patterns of membrane-potential change were significantly different between the two groups. Under pentobarbital anesthesia, Membrane-potential changes exhibited a short duration, and their cumulative distribution fell in a unimodal curve. Under urethane anesthesia, membrane-potential changes exhibited a long duration and consisted of both persistent UP and DOWN states, and their cumulative distribution fell in a bimodal curve. Conclusions Pentobarbital and urethane anesthesia lead to distinct patterns of membrane-potential changes in somatosensory cortical neurons.