中文摘要：

活塞圆筒是目前使用最广泛的固体介质高温高压装置,样品组装方式和组装件的材料类型决定了高压腔体内部的热结构特征。在0.5、1.0、1.5GPa压力下、800～1 400℃范围内,采用改进的双热电偶法、尖晶石反应测温法对QUICKpress型活塞圆筒的13mm压力盘的样品组装进行了温度测定,通过获得的实验数据并结合傅里叶热传导模拟结果进行了热结构分析。实验结果表明：（1）热峰位置均位于有效石墨炉中心以下,即靠近钢塞一侧,20℃温差范围的热点区轴向分布区域大小介于2.8～5.2mm,其热梯度为7.7～13.0℃/mm,而非热点区热梯度为42～83℃/mm;（2）随着温度或压力升高,热峰倾向于朝有效石墨炉中心靠拢,同时伴随着炉内热梯度增大和热点区变小,温度的影响更为显著。还对活塞圆筒压力组装的热结构的影响因素及相关问题进行了探讨。

英文摘要：

Piston-cylinder apparatus is widely used for high-pressure and high-temperature experiments.Its thermal structure in the pressure chamber depends mainly on design and materials of the sample assembly.Here we present a thermal structure analysis on the 13 mm pressure assembly of a QUICKpress piston-cylinder apparatus on the basis of the experimental temperature measurements using the double thermocouple determination,the spinel reaction progress thermometer,and heat conduction simulation by Fourier＇s law.The temperature measurements were conducted at 0.5GPa,1.0GPa and1.5GPa with the control thermocouple in a temperature range of 800-1 400℃.The major results are summarized as follows：（1）the hot spot is always located at a position below the midpoint of effective furnace（this means that it is close to the steel base plug）;（2）the hot spot region with a temperature variation within 20℃possesses a width of 2.8mm to 5.2mm,showing a low thermal gradient of 7.7-13.0℃/mm while the region far from hot spot shows a much higher thermal gradient of 42-83℃/mm;（3）the position of hot spot moves toward the center or midpoint of effective furnace with pressure or temperature increasing,but the temperature profile is main determined by the temperature of hot spot,with the hot spot region becoming narrower and the thermal gradients for both the hot spot region and the region far from hot spot becoming larger with temperature increasing.On the basis of our experimental and numerical simulation results,effective factors controlling the thermal structure of pressure assembly of a piston-cylinder apparatus and other issues are further discussed.