中文摘要：

作为工业强国的德国、美国和俄罗斯,均已在计算工程及其教育领域形成较为系统的战略视野和对策。德国以工业4.0的理念具体规划和落实国家创新战略,同时积极推进工程人才培养理念的转变;美国在＂竞争胜出就是计算胜出＂信念支持下,尝试通过建模仿真实现工程科学的变革式发展,并提出培养CS＆E工程师;俄罗斯则凭借其强大扎实的数学及自然科学根基,全面分析现代工程发展趋势,强调在构建一个高科技计算工程环境的＂教育—研究—创新＂前瞻性架构基础上,努力造就具有计算能力的现代工程师。我国在计算科学与工程相关学科的研究方面已有若干进展,但因学科分立且自行其是,至今尚无与国家工业转型升级紧密结合并形成强大人才储备的国家＂计算＂战略。本文着重评介德、美、俄的相关进展,简单讨论它们对工程教育改革的借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

Strategic vision and countermeasures in the field of computing engineering and its education have been formed systematically in the industrial powers like Germany, the United States and Russia. Ger- many has made specific plans and carried out the national innovation strategy from the perspective of industry 4.0, and at the same time actively promoted the transformation of the concept for engineering personnel training; Under the belief of ＂to out-compete is to out-compute＂, the United States has tried to achieve the revolutionary development of engineering science through simulation, and put for- ward the idea of CS~E engineers cultivation; With the strong and solid foundation of mathematics and natural science, Russia has analyzed the developing trend of modern engineering in an all-round way, emphasizing the endeavor to cultivate modern engineers with computing competence under the for- ward-looking framework of ＂education-research-innovation＂ with a high-tech computing engineering environment. China has already made certain progress in relative fields of computational science and engineering. However, because of the isolation of disciplines, there still exists no national ＂compu- ting＂ strategy with enriched talent pool which is closely integrated with the transformation and upgra- ding of national industry. With the focus of the related progress of Germany, the United States and Russia, the paper chiefly discusses their reference significance on the engineering education reform in China.