中文摘要：

文章用扫描电子显微镜／能量色散谱（SEM／EDS）的扫描电镜、元素组成分析功能和背散射找寻功能对粉煤灰进行了形貌、元素组成分桥。粉煤灰为富含SiO2、Al2O3的比较规则的球形玻璃微珠（SiO2和Al2O3的含量达57．64％和31．09％），元素组成为Si、Al、O、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mg、Ca、Ti、K、Na、Ba等，无其它对人体有重大影响的重金属离子，对环境友好。粉煤灰颗粒中也有极少柱状、条状、纤维状、扁平状的颗粒，其组成大部分与球形颗粒相差不大，但也存在几乎哭含有氧化硅或氧化铁豹颗粒。粉煤灰颗粒是各种氧化物的聚集体。

英文摘要：

With SEM/EDS, Si, Al, O, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg, Ca, Ti, K, Na were tested in the fly ash.The high content of O showed they were oxides, and the main oxides were SiO2 and Al2O3 whose element percent was 57.64 %, 31.09 % respectively. At the same time, some special microstructure were found by SEM, and some special element distribution was discovered by SEM/EDS. There was single particle composed with silica or ferric oxide, whose figure was different to the spherical particle, and they were flat and elliptical. At the mode of backscatter of SEM/EDS, Ba was found in the fly ash and there was no other heavy metal. Many facts proved that the fly ash was composed randomly with some oxides, such as SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 etc.