中文摘要：

高功率激光器技术的发展使得人们可以在实验室中创造出与天体环境类似的极端物理条件，这为科学家提供了针对某些重要天体物理过程进行实验室研究的可能性，由此催生了一个新的物理学前沿领域——实验室天体物理学。文章将简单介绍该领域中几个热点问题的新进展，包括实验室和天体流体过程的定标关系、无碰撞冲击波、磁重联、喷流、超强磁场的产生等，最后对实验室天体物理学的发展方向作了展望。

英文摘要：

With the development of high-power lasers, extreme physical conditions similar to those in astronomical environments can be created in the laboratory. This makes it possible for scientists to experiment on various important astrophysical processes, which may lead to a new frontier of physics - laboratory astrophysics. This paper will briefly present the recent progress of several research topics in this field, including the scaling law of the hydrodynamical processes between the laboratory and space, collisionless shocks, magnetic reconnection, astrophysical jets, the generation of ultra-strong magnetic fields, and so forth. Finally, we shall review the prospects for the development of laboratory astrophysics.