中文摘要：

为研究浅水流动的阻力特性，专门设计了一个试验模型，其规模较大，测量设施齐全。通过多种流量和加糙条件的试验得出：加糙密度将直接影响水流的阻力，小流量时的阻力系数变化明显，随流量的加大，加糙的影响逐渐减弱；阻力系数随相对粗糙度的加大而增加，不受流量变化的影响；表面流速分布均匀，其平均值与断面平均流速相关性良好。

英文摘要：

The experiments with various combinations of water discharge and spacing of artificial roughness elements are conducted to study the resistance characteristics of shallow open channel flows. The results show that （1） flow resistance is affected by the presence of artificial roughness elements with an significantly large increase at low discharges and relatively small at high discharges; （2） the spacing of the artificial roughness elements plays an appreciable role in enhancing flow resistance; （3） as the relative roughness size increases, the resistance coefficient increases following a relationship independent of flow discharge; and （4） uniform flow velocity distribution prevails at the water surface.