中文摘要：

针对无线传感器网络中无线链路不稳定与节点能耗不均衡等问题,提出一种基于能量均衡的地理路由协议。在路径构建阶段,为了避免传统地理路由中贪婪转发引起的某些节点过度使用,文章将簇作为数据传输的基本单元,并对节点设置能量阈值。在路由度量选择时,综合考虑簇内节点数目和簇中心到汇聚节点的距离,以便均衡簇间节点能量消耗。在数据传输阶段,利用协同通信与网络编码技术提高数据传输可靠性。最后,理论分析与数值实验同时表明：所提协议能够显著地提高数据包传输成功率,减少数据包重传次数。

英文摘要：

For the unreliability of wireless links and unbalanced energy consumption of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks（WSNs）,ageographic routing protocol based on energy-balanced strategy is proposed.In order to avoid the excessive reuse of some nodes caused by greedy forwarding in traditional geographic routing in the routing establishing stage,a cluster is regarded as a basic unit of data transmission,and an energy threshold is set for the sensors of the cluster.Meanwhile,both the number of nodes in each cluster and the distance from the cluster＇s center to the sink are comprehensively considered as a routing metric,which can balance the energy consumption among the clusters.In the data transmission stage,the cooperative communication and network coding technologies are used to improve the reliability of data transmission.The theoretical analysis and numerical experimental results simultaneously show that the proposed protocol can significantly improve the successful delivery rate of data and reduce the number of packets retransmission.