中文摘要：

所有制结构是经济结构的重要组成部分，其优化是经济发展的重要推动力。资产专用性普遍存在于各种所有制经济之中，构成了企业进入及退出市场的壁垒，不利于所有制结构拉姆齐最优的实现。混合所有制经济是优化所有制结构的有效途径，资产专用性对其有正面及负面的双重影响。优化所有制结构，必须要围绕资产专用性制定并采取各种有效的市场与非市场政策。

英文摘要：

The ownership structure is an important part of the economic structure, and the ownership structure optimization is an important driver of economic development. The asset specificity which has a negative impact on the realization of Ramsey optimality is commonly found in various forms of ownership and constitutes the market barriers to exit and entry for the enterprises. The mixed ownership economy that is affected by the asset specificity in positive and negative ways,is the effective approach of China＇ s ownership structure optimization. To optimize the ownership structure,we must develop and take a variety of effective market and non - market policies around the asset specificity.