中文摘要：

利用Hipparcos卫星精确天体测量观测数据，尝试研究由不同样本恒星所反映的太阳邻域银河系薄盘的标高．根据Tycho测光系统的色指数，并考虑观测样本的完备性，分别在主序段和水平支上选取了几类恒星样本，以考察银河系薄盘标高的演化特征．分析结果发现，在比较完备的样本空间上，由O—B型主序星定义的银盘标高为103．1±3．0pc，太阳位于其平均平面以上的15．2±7．3pc处；水平支恒星定义的银盘标高为144．0±10．0pc，太阳位于其平均平面以上3．5±5．4pc处．A、F、G、K、M型的主序星由于观测样本完备性的限制而无法进行可信的标高研究．

英文摘要：

Thanks to astrometric data of unprecedented accuracy from Hipparcos Cat- alogue （ESA 1997）, it becomes possible to investigate, by directly counting stars, the scale height of the thin Galactic disk in solar neighborhood defined by the perpendicular distribution of stellar populations. In order to trace out the evolution of scale height, which is partly a measure of the dynamical evolution of the disk, main sequence （MS） and horizontal branch stars are divided into sub-samples on Hertzsprung-Russell diagram according to color index from Tycho Catalogue （ESA 1997）, so that an age sequence is approximately constructed. As dim objects are hardly observed completely, not all the sub-samples meet the requirement of completeness in some distance. Finally, with the completeness checked carefully, reliable results are able to be derived only from O-B type MS and horizontal branch populations, both of which are luminous populations. Scale height defined by O-B type MS sample is 103.1 ±3.0pc and mean plane of the thin Galactic disk is 15.2±7.3pc below the sun while scale height defined by horizontal branch sample is 144.0±10.0pc and midplane of the thin Galactic disk is 3.5±5.4pc below the sun. Additionally, a method of simulation is developed to obtain quantitative counting error distribution with respect to corresponding observed stellar distribution. Moreover, a modeldependent statistical method to derive qualitative error distribution is presented briefly as well. Qualitative results under the hypothesis of an exponential decay perpendicular distribution prove to be correspondent very well with ultimate quantitative results, which strongly implies the justification of the exponential decay model.