中文摘要：

噻咯衍生物由于其特殊的σ＊-π＊共轭,具有较低的最低未占轨道（LUMO）,使得它在电致发光领域有着极大的应用前景。本文从材料合成的角度综述了1,1,2,3,4,5-六取代的噻咯、硅-桥联稠环体系、联噻吩噻咯和螺噻咯类小分子类光电材料的国内外所取得的一些最新进展,介绍了它们作为发光材料和电子传输材料在电致发光器件中的应用情况,讨论了硅原子的引入怎样调节杂环的电子结构,总结了分子结构的修饰对噻咯电子性能的影响。同时,对该领域的发展提出了一些想法。

英文摘要：

Silole-based π-conjugated compounds and their derivatives have been actively studied as promising electroluminescent materials because of their unique electronic structure （low-lying LUMO level）, formed by σ＊-π＊ conjugation. This article summarizes recent progress in the synthesis of silole derivatives and the applications as both emitter and electron-transport materials, respectively from 1,1,2,3,4,5-substituted siloles, silicon-bridged stilbene, dithienosilole, spiro-silole derivatives. This article explains how the silicon tunes up the electronic structure of the heterocyclic systems. The influence of molecular structures achieved by changing the substitutes on the electronic properties of silole derivatives is discussed in detail. The future research direction of silole derivatives is also mentioned.