中文摘要：

透射电镜样品的制备条件与步骤会对聚磷菌（phosphorus accumulating organisms,PAOs）细胞内超微结构的观察产生影响。以纯培养、混合培养条件下生长的聚磷菌为观测对象,在常规的透射电镜制样方法的基础上,采用新的清洗、固定、染色策略,进而提出一种适合不同生长条件下聚磷菌的透射电镜制样新方法。实验结果表明,新方法比常规方法更简便有效;并且采用新方法制备样品,不同培养条件下生长的PAOs体内聚磷（poly-Ps）颗粒在采用透射电镜观察时超微结构清晰、反差效果较好。

英文摘要：

The specimen-preparing process of transmission electron microscope（TEMSP） may exert significant effect on the observing of the intracellular ultrastructures of phosphorus accumulating organisms（PAOs）. Pure-culture and mixed-culture PAOs are observed respectively with the conventional and modified TEMSP. Based on the conventional TEMSP,the new strategies of cleaning,fixing and dyeing processes are adopted. Finally,new TEMSP suitable for PAOs cultured under different conditions is proposed. Compared with conventional methods,the new TEMSP is more efficient. TEM ultrastructure observation results of polyphosphate granules（poly-Ps） within the PAOs cells obtained under different culturing conditions are more distinct with the modified TEMSP.