中文摘要：

为粒子图象 velocimetry (PIV ) 的 tracer 粒子的追踪的特征在超声的流动的大小被调查。试验性的测试在在上海 Jiao Tong 大学的多马赫风隧道(MMWT ) 的马赫数字 4 点被进行。超声的流动越过冲击波带的 tracer 粒子的运动理论上被建模，然后他们有压缩的可能性的空气动力学的特征和变成稀薄效果被评估。根据 tracer 粒子的建议选择标准， PIV 测量了清楚地识别的结果冲击波振幅在对理论和 Schlieren 可视化的好同意。为在 nanoscales 的 tracer 粒子，他们在诊断地区的有效空气动力学的尺寸能忠实地被估计越过倾斜的冲击波基于他们的松驰运动描绘追踪的能力和 dispersity 性能。在另一方面，播种系统对存储和湿度启用了控制得好的 tracer 粒子和可重复的 dispersity。

英文摘要：

The tracking characteristics of tracer particles for particle image velocimetry（PIV） measurements in supersonic flows were investigated.The experimental tests were conducted at Mach number 4 in Multi-Mach Wind Tunnel（MMWT） of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.The motion of tracer particles carried by the supersonic flow across Shockwaves was theoretically modelled,and then their aerodynamic characteristics with compressibility and rarefaction effects were evaluated.According to the proposed selection criterion of tracer particles,the PIV measured results clearly identified that the Shockwave amplitude is in good agreement with theory and Schlieren visualizations.For the tracer particles in nanoscales,their effective aerodynamic sizes in the diagnostic zone can be faithfully estimated to characterize the tracking capability and dispersity performance based on their relaxation motion across oblique Shockwaves.On the other hand,the seeding system enabled the tracer particles well-controlled and repeatable dispersity against the storage and humidity.