中文摘要：

目的分析中国新疆汉族人群白细胞分化抗原（HLA）-DRB1、DQB1基因频率及单倍型频率与肺结核的相关性,寻找与肺结核可能有关的HLA基因。方法选取新疆地区汉族人群肺结核患者92例与健康对照者96例,采用聚合酶链反应-直接碱基序列分析基因分型技术（PCR-SBT）对HLA-DRB1、DQB1进行基因分型。结果 92例新疆汉族结核患者中分别检出HLA-DRB1位点等位基因30个、HLA-DQB1位点等位基因16个;96例健康对照组分别检出HLA-DRB1位点等位基因29个、HLA-DQB1位点等位基因29个。与对照组相比,结核病例组中HLA-DRB1＊0701、DQB1＊0301基因频率明显增高,单倍型DRB1＊07：01-DQB1＊02：02、DRB1＊09：01-DQB1＊03：03频率明显增高。结论 HLA-DRB1＊0701、DQB1＊0301可能是中国新疆汉族人群肺结核的易感基因,DRB1＊07：01-DQB1＊02：02、DRB1＊09：01-DQB1＊03：03可能是中国新疆汉族人群肺结核的易感单倍型。

英文摘要：

To explore the association between human leucocyte antigen（HLA）-DRB1,-DQB1 alleles and pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese Han population of Xinjiang uygur autonomous region, we analyzed the allele frequency of HLA-DRB1,-DQB1 in 92 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 96 healthy controls by using the polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing（PCR-SBT） technique. Data showed that there were 30 HLA-DRB1 and 16 HLA-DQB1 alleles in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, 29 HLA-DRB1 and 29 HLA-DQB1 alleles in healthy controls. The frequencies of HLA-DRB1＊07：01（15.8% vs 8.3%, OR=2.058, P=0.027）and HLA-DQB1 ＊ 03：01（28.3% vs 13.5%, OR=2.515, P=0.0004） were significantly higher in pulmonary tuberculosis patients than those in healthy controls; the frequencies of DRB1＊07：01-DQB1＊02：02（10.9% vs 4.7%, OR =2.480, P =0.025） and DRB1＊09：01-DQB1＊03：03 haplotypes were significantly higher in pulmonary tuberculosis patients than those in healthy controls. The results suggest that HLA-DRB1＊0701 and DQB1＊03：01 may be the susceptible factor to pulmonary tuberculosis, and DRB1＊07：01-DQB1＊02：02, DRB1＊09：01-DQB1＊03：03（10.9% vs 5.2%, OR=2.220, P=0.043） haplotypes may be susceptible to pulmonary tuberculosis in Han population from the Xinjiang uygur autonomous region of china.