中文摘要：

目的：研究加拿大原产地1-5年生5-9月采收西洋参根中人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rg2、Rc、Rb2、Rb3、Rd、Rg3和拟人参皂苷F11、RT5的含量动态变化。方法：采用RP-HPLC-ELSD法。Dimaonsil C18柱（250 mm×4.6mm,5μm）,柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈（A）-水（B）,流速1.0 m L/min,进样量为10μL,ELSD载气为氮气,气体流量为2.8 L/min,漂移管温度为100℃。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对试验结果进行主成分和系统聚类分析。结果：建立了同时测定西洋参根中9种人参皂苷和2种拟人参皂苷类成分含量的RP-HPLC-ELSD方法。人参皂苷积累表明,1、2年生含量低,5-9月呈增加趋势;3-5年生样品,6、7月呈下降趋势,随后缓慢增加,9月均达到最大积累;从3年生9月开始样品的含量接近;除人参皂苷Rc的含量较低和部分样品中未检测到外,其他组分含量均很高,其中以人参皂苷Rd、Rb3和拟人参皂苷F11的含量最高。主成分分析表明,人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rb3、Rg3和拟人参皂苷F11、RT5为加拿大西洋参的特征皂苷成分。系统聚类分析表明,除4年生7月（S18）样品外,1年生和2年生的西洋参根样品在皂苷组成和含量变化上接近;3-5年生各月的皂苷组成和含量变化没有明显的界限划分。结论：基于人参皂苷含量、西洋参栽培第4-5年的栽培种植成本、遭受涝害和病虫害的风险,建议从3年生9月开始,西洋参根可以视为同等质量。

英文摘要：

Objective： To research the dynamic accumulation of ginsenosides Rg1,Re,Rb1,Rg2,Rc,Rb2,Rb3,Rd,Rg3 and pseudo-ginsenosides F11,RT5,which was grown from one-to five-year-old and harvested from May to September of Panax quinquefolium root in Canada. Methods： RP-HPLC-ELSD was adopted. The analysis was performed on a Dimaonsil C18（250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm） column,the mobile phase was acetonitrile（A）-deionized water（B） in gradient elution mode. The flow rate was 1. 0 m L/min and column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The carrier gas was nitrogen with flow rate of 2. 8 L/min,the drift tube temperature was 100 ℃,and the injection volume was 10 μL. The principle component analysis and cluster analysis of SPSS software（version 19. 0） were conducted for the data analysis. Results： The RP-HPLC-ELSD method for determining simultaneously nine ginsenosides and two pseudo-ginsenosides was established. The total content of ginsenosides of one- to two-year-old was low and increased from May to September in each year. That of three- to five-year-old declined from June to July and increased from August,and was the highest in September of three- to five-year-old samples. The total content from September of three-year-old samples was similar. The content of nine ginsenosides and two pseudo-ginsenosides was relatively high in all the samples except ginsenoside Rc,which wasn＇t determined in some samples. The ginsenosides Rd,Rb3 and pseudo-ginsenoside F11 were higher than others. The principle component analysis results showed that ginsenosides Rg1,Re,Rb1,Rc,Rb2,Rb3,Rg3 and pseudo-ginsenosides F11,RT5 could be the characteristic ginsenosides of Panax quinquefolium root in Canada. The cluster analysis indicated that the chemical constituent and dynamic accumulation of ginsenosides of one- to two-year-old was similar except the sample of July of four-year-old and there was no obvious difference of three- to five-year-old. Conclusion： With the consideration of the content of ginsenoside,cultivation cost of four-to