中文摘要：

在介绍生态风险评价意义的基础上,简要回顾了国外生态风险评价研究的发展历程,着重论述了现阶段国内生态风险评价的重点研究领域,包括生态风险评价指标体系建立与评价标准确定的探讨、水环境化学生态风险评价、区域生态风险评价、景观生态风险评价、流域生态风险评价,以及“3S”技术在生态风险评价中的应用。归纳了生态风险评价的方法学和评价模型的选择等重要技术手段,并针对目前存在的问题及薄弱环节,提出了未来研究的发展趋势和需要解决的关键问题。

英文摘要：

Based on the introduction of the meaning of ecological risk assessment, this paper reviewed the domestic and abroad research progress and the key areas of ecological risk assessment, including the establish-ment of ecological evaluation index system and the confirmation of evaluation criteria, ecological risk assessment in water environmental chemistry, regional ecological risk assessment, landscape ecological risk assessment, wa-tershed ecological risk assessment and ^35^ technology in ecological risk assessment. It summarized the impor-tant technological means in selecting assessment methodology and model, the developing trend and the key issues that need to be urgently resolved in future research aiming at the existing problems and weak links in ecological risk assessment.