中文摘要：

随着大型空间和地面观测技术的发展,天文数据的数据量、数据产出率和数据复杂性急剧增加,天文学步入了全新的数据密集型时代。阐述了天文数据的特征,分析了传统天文研究方法的局限性,提出了发展天文统计学和天文信息学的必要性和研究方向,介绍了天文大数据的典型应用——大型综合巡天望远镜的工作原理及应用,归纳了与天文统计学和天文信息学相关的国际组织,分析了与其相关的公共教育的现状及存在的问题,为天文大数据的健康发展提供参考方向。

英文摘要：

With the development of large space-based and ground-based observational technologies, the volume, output rate and complexity of astronomical data rapidly increase. The astronomy steps into a new data-intensive era. The characteristics of astronomical data were represented. The limitations of traditional astronomy were analyzed. The necessity and research direction of developing astrostatistics and astroinformatics were put forward. As a typical astronomical application, the operation and applications of LSST were introduced. The organizations related to astrostatistics and astroinformatics were summarized. The present situation and problems of public education about this respect were analyzed. All these were provided as references for the healthy development of big data in astronomy.