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中文摘要：
为了研究芽长、播期和覆土厚度对土传病害黑痣病的规避效应及对马铃薯产量的影响，本试验对栽培技术中的芽长、播期和覆土厚度3个重要因素,采用3因素5水平二次通用旋转组合设计,建立数学模型,优选适合马铃薯的高产防病栽培措施。芽长、播期和覆土厚度3因素对马铃薯产量效应依次为覆土厚度〉芽长〉播期，对马铃薯黑痣病病情指数影响效应依次为覆土厚度〉播期〉芽长。获得马铃薯产量大于3000 kg/667 m2、黑痣病病情指数低于45%的优化施肥方案为：播期5月2-4日，芽长0.54-0.68 cm，覆土厚度15-17 cm。本研究为建立马铃薯可行性栽培技术体系提供了科学依据。
英文摘要：
This study aimed to investigate the avoidance effect of bud length, sowing period and thickness of covering soil on Rhizoctonia solani and their effects on the yield of potato. The quadratic general rotary unitized design of three factors with five levels in each factor was used to establish the mathematic model and optimize measures that were suitable for potato high-yielding and disease-control cultivation. The main effects analysis showed that the effects of bud length, sowing period and thickness of covering soil on the yield in potato in order was thickness of covering soil＆gt;bud length＆gt;sowing period, and on R. solani disease index in potato in order was thickness of covering soil＆gt;sowing period＆gt;bud length. The optimized cultivation scheme for getting higher yield than 3 000 kg/667 m2 and less Rhizoctonia solani disease index than 45%in potato was showed as fol ows：suitable sowing period （May 2 to 4）, bud length （0.54-0.68 cm） and thickness of covering soil （15-17 cm）. These data provide a scientific basis for setting up a feasible system for potato cultivation.
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